Hormonal imbalances associated with long-term secondary amenorrhea increases the risk of

Hormonal imbalances associated with long-term secondary amenorrhea increases the risk of

A) Extreme muscle hypertrophy.
B) Osteoperosis.
C) Osteoarthritis.
D) Obesity.




Answer: B

In response to regular resistance training,

In response to regular resistance training, 

A) Older men and women demonstrate similar or even greater strength gains when compared to younger individuals.
B) Younger men have greater strength gains than older men.
C) Younger women have greater strength gains than older women.
D) Younger men and women demonstrate similar or greater strength gains when compared to older men and women.


Answer: A

Which of the following statements regarding osteoarthritis in older adults is FALSE?

Which of the following statements regarding osteoarthritis in older adults is FALSE?

A) Exercise training improves function.
B) Osteoarthritis is common in older adults.
C) Exercise training slows the progression of osteoarthritis.
D) Exercise training does not exacerbate pain.



Answer: C

An exercise for an elderly person should generally emphasize increased

An exercise for an elderly person should generally emphasize increased 

A) Frequency.
B) Intensity.
C) Duration.
D) Intensity and Frequency.


Answer: A

Which of the following would generally be the preferred mode of exercise for an elderly person?

Which of the following would generally be the preferred mode of exercise for an elderly person?

A) Jogging.
B) Calisthenics.
C) Swimming.
D) Archery.



Answer: C

Which of the following is a result of an older person participating in an exercise program?

Which of the following is a result of an older person participating in an exercise program?

A) Overall improvement in the quality of life and increased independance.
B) No changes in the quality of life but an increase in longevity.
C) Increased longevity but a loss in bone mass.
D) Loss in bone mass with a concomitant increase in bone density.

Answer: A

Healthy older adults walk at at a preferred speed that is __________ slower than the preferred speed of a young adult.

Healthy older adults walk at at a preferred speed that is __________ slower than the preferred speed of a young adult.

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 40%
D) 50%

Answer: B

Which of the following factors does not impair an older individuals ability to to thermoregulate?

Which of the following factors does not impair an older individuals ability to to thermoregulate?

A) Reduced total body water.
B) Decreased renal function.
C) Decreased vascular peripheral responsiveness.
D) Enhanced sweat response.



Answer: D

All of the following regarding thermoregulation in children are true EXCEPT

All of the following regarding thermoregulation in children are true EXCEPT

A) Adults have a greater number of sweat glands compared with children.
B) The rate of sweat production is lower in children compared with adults.
C) Children acclimate to hot environments at a slower rate than adults.
D) Sweat rate for children is lower than for adults.


Answer: A

All of the following musculoskeletal changes occur with advancing age EXCEPT

All of the following musculoskeletal changes occur with advancing age EXCEPT

A) Decreased flexibility.
B) Impaired balance.
C) Inhibited range of motion.
D) Skeletal muscle hypertrophy.



Answer: D

Which condition is commonly associated with a progressive decline in bone mineral density and calcium content in postmenopausal women?

Which condition is commonly associated with a progressive decline in bone mineral density and calcium content in postmenopausal women?

A) Osteoarthritis.
B) Osteoperosis.
C) Arthritis.
D) Epiphysis.



Answer: A

Strenuous exercise can predispose children to which of the following?

Strenuous exercise can predispose children to which of the following?

A) Osteoperosis.
B) Osteoarthritis.
C) Malignant Tumors.
D) Epiphysitis.



Answer: D

The total number of muscle fibers is fixed at an early age, although

The total number of muscle fibers is fixed at an early age, although

A) At adolescence, males exhibit rapid hypertrophy of muscle.
B) In comparison to males, females exhibit a more repid hypertrophy of muscle.
C) Males lose muscle faster at an early age when they remain sedentary.
D) Males tend to exhibit muscle hypertrophy at a later age than females.

Answer: A

At age 17

At age 17

A) Boys and girls have similar levels of body fat.
B) Boys have more body fat than girls.
C) Girls have twice as much body fat as boys.
D) Body fat is not routinely measured in children.




Answer: C

Which of the following explains a higher resting and exercise heart rate in children?

Which of the following explains a higher resting and exercise heart rate in children?

A) Stroke volume is directly related to how much left ventricular stiffness reduces diastolic filling.
B) Cardiac output is regulated more by peripheral resistance than by any other variable.
C) Children typically have lower stroke volume compared with adults.
D) Children typically have a more elevated peripheral resistance compared with adults.

Answer: C

The Vo2 max remains relatively unchanged throughout childhood. After age 25, it typically decreases by

The Vo2 max remains relatively unchanged throughout childhood. After age 25, it typically decreases by 

A) 0% to 5% each decade.
B) 5% to 15% each decade.
C) 15% to 20% each decade.
D) 15% to 20% each year.


Answer: B

An increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest and during exercise often accompanies aging. Blood pressure usually increases because of

An increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest and during exercise often accompanies aging. Blood pressure usually increases because of

A) Increased arterial compliance and decreased arterial stiffness.
B) Decreased arterial compliance and increased arterial stiffness.
C) Decrease in both areterial compiance and arterial stiffness.
D) Increase in both arterial compliance and arterial stiffness.


Answer: B

Which of the following best describes the increase in blood pressure that accompanies aging?

Which of the following best describes the increase in blood pressure that accompanies aging?

A) Left ventricular hypertrophy.
B) Kidney failure.
C) Liver damage.
D) Liver failure.


Answer: A

Which of the following age groups define the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population?

Which of the following age groups define the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population?

A) Preadolescents.
B) Adolescents.
C) Adults aged 65 to 85 years.
D) Adults 100 years of age and older.



Answer: D

In terms of chronological are, early childhood is usually described as

In terms of chronological are, early childhood is usually described as

A) Birth to 3 weeks.
B) 3 weeks to a year.
C) 1 to 6 years.
D) 7 to 10 years.



Answer: C